This guide is for journalists, students, and defenders who need to understand darknet systems. It does not provide instructions to buy or sell anything. Focus is on verification and self-defense.
1. Use Tor Browser Correctly
Download only from torproject.org and verify the signature. Set security to Safest to disable JavaScript. Never maximize the window to avoid fingerprinting. See also how onion routing works.
2. Verify Addresses, Don't Type Them
Phishing clones differ by one character. Copy addresses from trusted directories and verify PGP-signed mirror lists with gpg --verify mirrors.asc. Read our access concepts page for details.
3. Understand PGP Verification
Learn gpg --import and fingerprint comparison. A mismatch means a phishing attempt. Never share private keys.
4. Study Monero vs Bitcoin Traceability
Researchers compare Bitcoin's transparent ledger with Monero's ring signatures and stealth addresses. Start with official Monero docs to understand the technology neutrally.
5. Isolate Your Environment
Use Tails OS or Whonix for research sessions. Separate research identities from personal accounts. Log out after each session.
Verify first, click second. Most incidents come from unverified links.